generals after a law way.
It appears that the reforms to the National Security Act will remain frozen in the labyrinths of San Lazaro ... until the next Legislature. The change initiative passed by the Senate but is stuck in the House of Representatives, where lawmakers are not convinced by the military, who want the freedom to take "extraordinary measures" in its fight against drug trafficking.
Sunday, March 27, 2011
Jesus Cervantes
MEXICO CITY .- "So ... you have to define the protocol lest ye be judged by those who come (to rule) in two or three years? ", released the PRI Jorge Carlos Ramírez Marín after listening to the military, concerned about the inaction of legislators, went to the House of Members will try to convince them of the urgency of approving changes to the National Security Act.
"No. It seeks to establish how they should operate the armed forces in the fight against drug trafficking and organized crime, how are the protocols to investigate, arrest and combat organized crime, "said one of the five generals who, in an unprecedented event were St. Lazarus.
At five in the afternoon of Tuesday 1, no cameras and no means to realize their arrival at the Parliament Palace, the soldiers led by Maj. Gen. Luis Arturo Oliver Cen, chief of staff of the Secretariat of National Defense (Sedena)-second in importance after the Secretary Guillermo Galvan Galvan came to the parking lot of St. Lazarus in olive green vehicle with number 0500124. Process
confirmed that waited an hour in one of the offices of the Legislative Palace and six p.m. Oliver Cen with Brigadier General Ezequiel Hernández Mendoza, deputy chief of Military Doctrine, General José Francisco Terán Valley, responsible for relations with the legislature, and two others whose names are unknown, were on the second floor of Building A, to the office of Speaker of the House, Ramírez Marín, who already waiting.
The meeting was requested by the Department of Defense, where there is unrest as the Deputies "froze" the changes to the Homeland Security Act passed by the Senate in April last year, the military wanted the legislature also specify that it's up to establish guidelines with which the armed forces must act and define what "not" must do in its fight against drug trafficking and organized crime.
The soldiers had requested that the meeting was attended by Francisco Rojas, coordinator of the PRI caucus, but did not attend. In addition to the five military and Marín Ramírez was there the president of the National Defense Commission, the PRI also Rogelio Cerda.
CONVERSATION
Process collected versions of what happened in that office and reconstructs fragments of what was discussed, although without specifying who were involved in the militia, on each occasion.
- Do you have any doubt Sedena what we want? -Initiated Ramírez Marín conversation.
"We want to know whether to pass the bill," said one soldier.
- How do you want the law?
"No law is a way, this is a sovereign decision of the House. This is a matter of how we operate in the fight against drug trafficking and organized crime, because it referred to the police, are managed within a clearly established law.
"So ... you must define the protocol so that you will not be judged by those who come in two or three years?
-No. It seeks to establish how they should operate the armed forces in the fight against drug trafficking and organized crime, how are the protocols to investigate, arrest and combat organized crime.
Then one of the generals focused on the "gradual" laws and how they should be. He stressed the importance of "strengthening the legal actions of the armed forces", ie, what rules should act, what they should be allowed and what not.
generals gave the PRI a chair two deputies on the differences between national security, external security, security interior and public security. Also detailed the importance of "gradualism" of what the military called "antagonism or obstacle" ie events or actions that endanger national security, and what actions should be avoided in the interests of "the conservation and stability the state. "
Ramírez Marín said, with apparent surprise: "As discussed, the adoption of law is much more complex than imagined."
One attendee blurted, "There are many PRI reluctant" to approve the minutes as is sent by the Senate. Another added: "The Security Commission has no for when discussing the bill ".
The PRI deputies commented that his party (Alfonso Navarrete Prida and Claudia Ruiz Massieu) make" another "paper to contrast with the initiative approved by the Senate.
The five general withdrew from the Chamber of Deputies after an hour of discussion with the two PRI legislators. And three days later, on Friday 4, the response of legislators was to try to leave everything ready for the next Legislature.
OTHER LOBBYING
That same week another officer met with the President of the Commission Human Rights, the PRI Alfonso Navarrete Prida. Navarrete
met with Deputy Defense Secretary, Gen. Carlos Gaytan Demetrio Ochoa, with former Legislative Liaison Secretary of the Interior Ministry Julian Hernández Santillán (removed from the post on Monday 14) and with representatives of the Secretariat Navy (Semar).
They compared three documents: the bill passed by the Senate last December that produced the National Defense Commission and a third bill text as deputies and senators attended the PRI, the PRD and the PAN and representatives of the Attorney General of the Republic (PGR), the Public Security Secretariat (SSP), the Center for Investigation and National Security (CISEN), the Department of Defense and the Semar.
The consensus was that it is necessary to develop a new document that redefines the powers of the executive, the limits of participation of the armed forces, local authorities, who must make a declaration of affection (when to join the military on issues of combating drug trafficking and organized crime), military courts, the claim that the military sector do intelligence work and the issue of "gradual."
There have been four other meetings that have The president's part of the National Defense Commission, Rogelio Cerda, Navarrete Prida and Senator Jesús Murillo Karam. The NPA asked the deputy Alberto Pérez Cuevas attend these meetings, but he says to Process: "I have not been called."
According to some participants "not yet finished analyzing definitions and the people of the Interior, the Secretary-exchange Julian Hernández Rubén Fernández Aceves replaced him, has been canceled twice."
One more reason why no progress is that "many PRI members are reluctant to give leeway to the military on issues of human rights, individual rights and responsibility of local authorities.
"The truth is that the proposed amendment to the Homeland Security Act is complex and bring several visions: the Senate of the House, the Army and others, "participants discussed the meetings.
They cite a hypothetical case:" If in the region of La Laguna drug actions make it impossible to work and a mayor or governor Coahuila wants the presence of military forces and the authority of Durango, who was ignored? These issues we are stuck ".
DIFFERENCES
Despite the lobbying of the Department of Defense, the pressure exerted by his visit to the Chamber of Deputies and the recent addition of the Interior to the discussions, the reality is that the Senate bill is "stuck" San Lázaro and most who have made progress is a matter of form: that the document is judged by a single committee and not by the five in which he is now.
background differences are related to two issues: military intelligence and gradual. There are four positions: two sectors of the PRI, one of the Department of Defense and Interior.
A document from the Department of Defense "Confidential Report, which is copy-process requires that the soldiers ask the legal instruments to perform intelligence tasks, such as" interception of private communications prior judicial authorization "at the request of the holders of the Department of Defense or the Semar" or heads of Staff of the same. "
Within the aspect of intelligence, according to the Confidential report, the military proposed to be given legal authority to "collect, compile, process and disseminate information (called 'generate intelligence") for purposes of national security. " The PRI simply notes that "a few leaves out institutions and other entities and states ".
armed forces also asked to be allowed to perform certain actions as" covert operations "," make and implement necessary measures in cases of flagrante delicto, "" seek information in public places "and" conduct searches " , while the government demands that the armed forces to "interview people" without the presence of the Federal Public Ministry. All these events could make the controls the Department of Defense, Navy or "territorial control".
Aboutpoints in the preceding paragraph, the PRI deputies warn that "lost the principle of verticality in the delegation of that power which is to give military commanders to subordinates. "There is the" risk of executing unilateral actions "and warns of" high politicization "of the item.
'Extraordinary Measures'
In the same document the military sector mentioned that the government would take "extraordinary measures" to deal with internal security threats. "The executive power will allow you to quickly and easily compared to an event that put society in grave danger or conflict degree of threat. "At this point the PRI says that in fact authorizes the state of emergency is to be suspended constitutional guarantees.
The position of the PRI caucus in San Lazaro, according to some traders, is that the armed forces have the powers to demand "but within the constitutional framework and with full respect for human rights."
As for the "gradual", the classification of which goes against national security, defense documents define the four aspects in which it is divided: pressure, parent pressure, threat or adverse factor.
The first is an "obstacle product of the clash of aspirations, interests or national objectives generated by the power of another state against individuals or from our organized lawbreakers. "The second is an" obstacle-sponsored defined and intentional. "
The threat is an" act that goes directly against the existence the state itself. Internationally the war and domestic violent assault lawbreakers groups against national institutions. "And the adverse factors are natural disasters.
For pressure and pressure dominant, military meant to be "intervening" with other forces to deal with these "obstacles", but in the case of the "threat" are only armed forces (the Department of Defense and the Navy) that are at the head of operations.
addition to these differences there is one aspect that seems heavier as some PRI members are consulted and that part of the PRI "is negotiating an exit with the military's nearly impossible to support local jurisdictions in actions support the Army. "
This point was imposed by then-Interior Minister Fernando Gomez Mont in the Senate, which created great unease among the military. Today the track is championed by the PRI members who want the local authorities, governors and mayors, to participate. (APRO)
This notice was taken of the following website:
http://www.eldiariodecoahuila.com.mx/notas/2011/3 / 27/generales-tras-modo% E2% 80% A6-225022.asp
Reforming the National Security Act's true intentions.
On Tuesday April 27, 2011, the Senate approves the Amendments to the National Security Act mainly sent by Felipe Calderón, although it says it was conceived on the benches of the PRI and PAN. The reform, as passed by the Senate, authorizes the President to turn to literally ignore the human rights of citizens when he considers that any action constitutes a danger to the stability of the State, and may send a totally "legitimate" members of the army, armed, to exercise repression against unarmed civilians, this applies mainly in cases of organized citizens' movements exercising the right claim against policy measures contrary to their interests and their well-being also allows and validates the raid carried out by of the armed forces, in the houses of citizens even without proven cause for such action, also authorizes the military to prevent the free movement of citizens to be reviewed in their belongings, where deemed necessary, all the above together with military involvement in intelligence activities, intelligence and detention of civilians, which is considered to have some connection with organized crime. One of the most critical points is to allow that to obtain statements from citizens, the military can use any method "lawful", but does not specify that methods which are lawful and unlawful.
Analyzing the points considered in the reform, we can observe some important details: 1) the army has already trespassing on private property of civilians without even presenting search warrants issued by civilian authorities, 2) the military have prevented the free movement of citizens to check their belongings, a situation that we commonly see in the famous seals, 3) soldiers have fired their weapons against unarmed civilians, killing even entire families, also a situation that has presented at several checkpoints; 4) the armed forces and have practiced torture against citizens who are part of opposition movements for information on the whereabouts of other members of that movement, 5) the military has practiced spying on civilians, even in conjunction with U.S. authorities, in flagrant violation of national sovereignty and security. Viewing the above we can ask: Why should all the actions envisaged in the reform and are committed, it urges its approval? Now try to think what would be the possible intentions of the adoption of these reforms:
Intent 1, the establishment of a military dictatorship. In Mexico and the country experienced a military-style dictatorship, Porfirio Díaz, who had the favor of an army loyal to him, but not the people, managed to stay more than 30 years in power, this filthy character used armed forces to defend the interests of foreign capital in our country, which is maintained and grew thanks to constant sacrifice and the most heinous exploitation of our citizens. In the Diaz case, we can see how dangerous it can become the army when it is fully committed to his country, and becomes an instrument of oppression against his people, serving very different objectives from those which gave rise to the creation of the military. Military dictatorships have been characterized by brutality exerted against the weak, often completely unjustified, in order to maintain order so that only benefit small groups of poor bastards citizens. Another relatively recent case of a military dictatorship in America was the one he lived in Argentina from 1976 to 1983, led by General Jorge Rafael Videla, under this military regime became common civil kidnapping opponents of the dictatorship, who were taken to torture centers: to enter the civilian in the center of torture, whether it was male or female, was stripped of his clothes, then was brutally beaten (in the case of women, were often violated), then it was subjected to long sessions electroshock, and finally was foully murdered by poisoning, and his body was thrown overboard from an aircraft, the commission of these crimes against the civilian, was intended to obtain information, which often was not known to the victim of this city abuse; during the dictatorship died or disappeared more than 30,000 civilians. With the establishment of a military dictatorship, Felipe Calderón look, not just their hold on power, but the continuation of an economic policy that favors the looting and plunder of the masses for the benefit of the capitalist minority and foreign capital to pretext of the fight against crime Calderon would have the authority to decree a state of emergency and throw the army into the streets to suppress all manifestations of discontent with his stay in the government, it could rate the groups of opponents as "criminals" or "terrorists" by advance what would be legalized their total extermination.
Intent 2, electoral fraud. After the 2006 presidential elections, the leftist leader Andrés Manuel López Obrador denounced the electoral fraud committed against them, Andrés Manuel using its enormous capacity to bring organized huge rallies, attended by million citizens in one of those meetings was agreed that the famous "sit-in Paseo de la Reforma" and so in late July 2006, thousands of people invaded the walk of reform, set up makeshift tents and stayed there for over a month, if the Reform of the National Security Act discussed now, had been in effect, would have been legal for members of the army, mounted on military vehicles had passed over the camp firing left and right about men , women and children. The electoral picture for 2012 appears to already be showing some signs macabre and would not be at all strange conducting another election fraud; faking a shift, as the fake in 2000 with the entry of Fox to the pines, you can expect a voluntary basis, agreed with strange and obscure agreements between the oligarchy, the far right seeks to return power to the PRI, in fact been welcomed by the PAN's campaign has remained constant in the media Enrique Peña Nieto, so we can assume that it is frowned upon by the PAN lost the 2012 election for the PRI, the problem is that Andrés Manuel remains a call impressive due to their good ideas in regard to the proper functioning of the country, so not surprisingly, overwhelmingly won re-election next year, so the oligarchy, together with the capitalists would turn again into the age old strategy of fraud. With the Reformation to the National Security Act, if effective, would be almost impossible to go out and protest without running the risk of being cruelly gunned down, kidnapped, beaten, disappeared, and even murdered, so for fear of physical harm Many people show their discontent avoid bowing to the yoke of oppressive minority.
Intent 3, the guarantee of impunity. Returning some of the case of the military dictatorship in Argentina, nearly 30 years later, General Jorge Rafael Videla is put on trial and sentenced to life imprisonment on the charge of "Crimes Against Humanity", this was possible because the Constitution of Argentina allowed this murderer in question was tried by a civilian court and not be in military duties. Now let's consider the case of Mexico, Felipe Calderón today could be impeached by the unconstitutionality of their actions in relation to the discretionary use of the armed forces, and that has not happened because it has the consent of a political class that supports blindly in order not to jeopardize the perks they enjoy, but if you get a new opposition government, it will all the power to carry Felipe Calderón to trial, and not political, but criminal, so Calderon could end up in prison, therefore the idea of \u200b\u200blegislating what the military has been doing outside the law can be quite simply the intention to ensure the impunity of Calderón. If we revise Article 14 of the Constitution of the United Mexican States, we see that says "no law shall have retroactive effect to the detriment of any person", as if the enactment of the National Security Act with further reforms, although Calderon wants to put on trial for these acts unconstitutional where it has involved the army (even when no longer in office of President), would have the protection of Article 14 of the Constitution that would guarantee not to be tried for acts committed in the illegality, because they are already authenticated.
We can assume that the interest in reforming the National Security Act pursues some of the intentions mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, or even other for the moment not clear glimpse, but what if it is a fact that if these actions take effect on the civilian population, we can expect waves of bloody demonstrations, because there are always those willing to die in defense of their rights, and even a virtual U.S. invasion of our territory, as always, assuming the role of saviors of the people. On the other hand, we can assume that these laws are an example desperate ruling class at the growing social discontent that is against the detrimental policies that govern our country, but still do not realize that actions like those that seek to legalize never are durable, and sooner or later justice makes an appearance to put things in place. The people, the only people left with the peaceful struggle for what is right, without giving either the fear or terror, because the struggles of peoples always have the favor of the gods, who are always the ones who decide the final.
This note was taken from the following website:
http://revistaemet.net/sitio.php?site=news&content=1&id = 1017
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